We address a more general version of a classic question in probability theory. Suppose X ∼ ${\bf N}_{{\bf p}}(\mu,\Sigma)$ (μ, Σ). What functions of X also have ...

The implied volatility is a crucial element in any financial toolbox, since it is used to both quote and hedge options as well as for model calibration. In contrast to the Black–Scholes formula, its ...

Three of the common filter topologies are Chebyshev, Butterworth, and Bessel. Which filter topology has the flatest response in the passband? Which filter topology has the steepest decline into the ...