LTspice simulation of the K2-W Vacuum Tube Op Amp’s design reveals the mad science that created a commercial revolution in 1950s and 1960s analog computing. The K2-W's first-stage differencing ...

Linear, small-signal AC models can be useful in the analysis and design of vacuum-tube-based circuits. Under large-signal conditions, nonlinear models are typically required. Almost 120 years ago, ...

A solution is presented in the form of a specialised GaN driver that provides the necessary functions for a robust and reliable design. Additionally, the article suggests the use of LTspice as a ...