Optical vector analysis has emerged as a critical tool for characterising optical devices, enabling simultaneous measurement of amplitude and phase responses over wide bandwidths. This technique is ...

The advent of all‐optical modulation format conversion techniques has fundamentally reshaped modern optical communications. These techniques enable the direct manipulation of optical signals in their ...

Power-density improvements are an increasingly elusive goal as designers exhaust the easiest or most obvious solutions. One direction that’s now being explored more thoroughly is advanced modulation ...

The key parameters of the FSS technique and their impact on EMI performance. How to evaluate FSS performance using simulation, ICs, and a signal generator. Frequency spread spectrum (FSS) is a ...