Abstract: This study introduces a 1 Gb/s PAM-8 variable-gain transimpedance amplifier (VG-TIA) implemented in 180 nm technology for optical communication receivers. The proposed VG-TIA employs an ...

Abstract: A Lock-In Amplifier (LIA) is used to remove noise from an input signal by the use of a reference signal. Generally the sampling rate of LIAs is much higher than the required frequency in ...

UK households with electric heaters are paying FOUR TIMES as much for their energy, Utilita has warned. Utilita, a major energy firm, has spoken out after its study, which revealed jaw-dropping ...

As the nippy air starts to permeate our homes, many are exploring ways to fend off the cold without resorting to cranking up the heating and incurring hefty energy bills. While heated blankets and ...