Abstract: This study proposes an improved-variable virtual space vector modulation scheme to enhance the neutral-point voltage (NPV) balancing capability at a high modulation index for a three-level ...

Abstract: Among multilevel topologies, flying capacitor (FC)-based converters stand out for their modularity, self-voltage balancing features, and fault-tolerant operation. However, conventional FC ...

Optical vector analysis has emerged as a critical tool for characterising optical devices, enabling simultaneous measurement of amplitude and phase responses over wide bandwidths. This technique is ...