The exponential growth of data traffic propelled by cloud computing and artificial intelligence necessitates advanced optical interconnect solutions. While wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) ...

Let’s start with an introduction of the overall structure of a wireline transmitter. The transmitter (TX) takes multiple lower-rate parallel data streams, serializes them into a single higher-rate ...

Abstract: Optical receivers (ORXs) with integrated CMOS electronics enable compact, low-power solutions for 400-G Ethernet and co-packaged optics. In this article, we present a 100-Gb/s PAM-4 ORX with ...

PAM4 is poised to dominate DesignCon 2016 through two panels and nine papers. Because of the interest in PAM4 signaling for 56 Gbps links, Keysight Technologies has added PAM4 modeling to its EEsof ...