What is a confounder (confounding variable) and why should I care? — Tips for making sense of science Confounders (or confounding variables) are factors that are associated with both the “cause” and “effect” (or exposure and outcome) in a potential cause-and-effect relationship. If ignored, they can cause misleading results and conclusions. Common confounders include age, sex, and socioeconomic status. Watch this video to learn more, and read the full post by Nerdy Girl alumna Dr. Chana Davis he